A bivariate mixed policy for a simple repairable system based on preventive repair and failure repair

In this paper, a simple repairable system (i.e. a one-component repairable system with one repairman) with preventive repair and failure repair is studied. Assume that the preventive repair is adopted before the system fails, when the system reliability drops to an undetermined constant R  , the work will be interrupted and the preventive repair is executed at once. And assume that the preventive repair of the system is “as good as new” while the failure repair of the system is not, and the deterioration of the system is stochastic. Under these assumptions, by using geometric process, we present a bivariate mixed policy (R,N)$(R\text{,}N)$, respectively based on a scale of the system reliability and the failure-number of the system. Our aim is to determine an optimal mixed policy (R,N)^∗$(R\text{,}N{)}^{\ast }$ such that the long-run average cost per unit time (i.e. the average cost rate) is minimized. The explicit expression of the average cost rate is derived, and the corresponding optimal mixed policy can be determined analytically or numerically. Finally, a numerical example is given where the working time of the system yields a Weibull distribution. Some comparisons with a certain existing policy are also discussed by numerical methods.     

Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy of the Binding of Nucleotide Excision Repair Protein XPC-hHr23B with DNA Substrates

The interaction of the nucleotide excision repair (NER) protein dimeric complex XPC-hHR23B, which is implicated in the DNA damage recognition step, with three Cy3.5 labeled 90-bp double-stranded DNA substrates (unmodified, with a central unpaired region, and cholesterol modified) and a 90-mer single-strand DNA was investigated in solution by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Autocorrelation functions obtained in the presence of an excess of protein show larger diffusion times (tau (d)) than for free DNA, indicating the presence of DNA-protein bound complexes. The fraction of DNA bound (theta), as a way to describe the percentage of protein bound to DNA, was directly estimated from FCS data. A significantly stronger binding capability for the cholesterol modified substrate (78% DNA bound) than for other double-stranded DNA substrates was observed, while the lowest affinity was found for the single-stranded DNA (27%). This is in accordance with a damage recognition role of the XPC protein. The similar affinity of XPC for undamaged and 'bubble' DNA substrates (58% and 55%, respectively) indicates that XPC does not specifically bind to this type of DNA substrate comprising a large (30-nt) central unpaired region.     

Nanocarbon-Iridium Oxide Nanostructured Hybrids as Large Charge Capacity Electrostimulation Electrodes for Neural Repair

Nanostructuring nanocarbons with IrO_x yields to material coatings with large charge capacities for neural electrostimulation, and large reproducibility in time, that carbons do not exhibit. This work shows the contributions of carbon and the different nanostructures present, as well as the impact of functionalizing graphene with oxygen and nitrogen, and the effects of including conducting polymers within the hybrid materials. Different mammalian neural growth models differentiate the roles of the substrate material in absence and in presence of applied electric fields and address optimal electrodes for the future clinical applications.     

Electron microscopy studies on DNA recognition by DNA-PK

Advances in transmission electron microscopy coupled to increasingly powerful biocomputing techniques are opening enormous possibilities to understand the structure and function of complex biological processes performed by large multi-protein assemblies. This is an exciting time for electron microscopists because we can combine our efforts with X-ray crystallographers and NMR spectroscopists to reach the prospect of studying the structure and dynamics of the so-called ‘molecular machines’. One of these fascinating systems is the macromolecular complex formed around double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs). Non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) is the main DSBs repair pathway in mammalian cells, where a collection of proteins interact to rejoin two broken DNA ends. During NHEJ, DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) binds damaged DNA with high affinity and acts as the main scaffold for other repair factors. Several studies have made use of the electron microscope to reveal the three-dimensional architecture of DNA-PK and the structural basis for the recognition of damaged DNA and the activation of DNA-PK's kinase activity.     

基于博弈论的融资租赁保证金确定方法研究

针对融资租赁中租金偿还违约风险的防范问题,研究了如何合理设置租赁保证金来防范违约风险.运用博弈理论建立了租金偿还的动态博弈模型,采用逆向归纳法求解该博弈模型并推导出了预防性保证金确定方法及其适用条件,通过边界条件的改变继而推导出了补偿性保证金确定方法及其适用条件.算例分析表明,运用两种方法来计算租赁保证金时,只需已知租赁项目各期租金和租赁资产的价值而无需知道租赁项目的各期收益,仅以出租人预期租赁项目在各期的收益与租金之间的大小作为判据来选择保证金确定方法.两种保证金确定方法具有较高的实用性和可操作性,是出租人合理地确定租赁保证金的有效方法.     

考虑更新延长两阶段保修的二手产品维修策略优化

针对二手产品的维修问题,给出了二手产品生命周期的定义,提出了考虑更新延长两阶段保修的维修策略模型。该策略综合考虑了产品的年龄变化、延保折扣、小修和生产损失费用等因素,从顾客的角度出发,建立以顾客期望总费用率最小化为目标的免费更换保修和按比例更换保修两种策略模型,并给出模型最优化的相关理论证明。算例研究验证了模型的有效性,并对参数的灵敏度进行了分析,文中结论可为顾客进行产品维修计划提供决策依据。     

错配核酸的研究进展

本文通过介绍多种错配核酸的结构及其热力学性质，详细地描述了非Watson-Crick配对核酸的最新进展。这方面的研究有利于阐明生物体内错配核酸的识别修复机理及核酸二级结构的预测，并为合理设计新的人工核酸修复酶提供了理论基础。     

Current mass spectrometry strategies for selenium speciation in dietary sources of high-selenium

This document reviews the most relevant mass spectrometry approaches to selenium (Se) speciation in high-Se food supplements in terms of qualitative and quantitative Se speciation and Se-containing species identification, with special reference to high-Se yeast, garlic, onions and Brazil nuts. Important topics such as complexity of Se speciation in these materials and the importance of combining Se-specific detection and molecule-specific determination of the particular species of this element in parallel with chromatography, to understand their nutritional role and cancer preventive properties are critically discussed throughout. The versatility and potential of mass spectrometric detection in this field are clearly demonstrated. Although great advances have been achieved, further developments are required, especially if speciatedcertified reference materials (CRMs) are to be produced for validation of measurements of target Se-containing species in Se-food supplements.     

可降解自固化类骨磷灰石支架的研究

0引言一直以来,钙磷生物材料如羟基磷灰石(hy-droxyapatite,HA)由于其成份与骨的无机成份相似,具有良好的生物相容性,作为骨修复材料引起了人们广泛的兴趣。磷酸钙骨水泥是一类可在生理条件下自固化的非陶瓷型类HA人工骨材料,这种由磷酸钙骨水泥(calcium phosphate cement,CPC)转变而成的HA,与天然骨磷灰石有类似的组成结构,植入人体后可参与新陈代谢,促进骨组织生长[1,2]。一些研究显示,CPC具有成骨活性和生物降解性,在体内被吸收的同时可引导新骨的生成,从而可克服自体骨、磷酸三钙陶瓷因吸收降解过快造成的局部缺陷以及陶瓷型HA长…